McElhinney DB, Hoydu AK, Gaynor JW, et al. Hypoplasia, pseudocoarctation and coarctation of the aorta – a systematic review. Accuracy, image quality, and radiation dose of prospectively ECG-triggered high-pitch dual-source CT angiography in infants and children with complex coarctation of the aorta. Diagnosis, imaging and clinical management of aortic coarctation. Diagnosis of the aortic coarctation in the neonatal period – a critical condition in the emergency room. Congenital heart surgery nomenclature and database project: patent ductus arteriosus, coarctation of the aorta, interrupted aortic arch. 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and congenital heart disease. Cardiovascular anomalies in patients diagnosed with a chromosome 22q11 deletion beyond 6 months of age. McElhinney DB, McDonald-McGinn D, Zackai EH, et al. Useful signs for the assessment of vascular rings on cross-sectional imaging. Congenital variants and anomalies of the aortic arch. Anomalies of the derivatives of the aortic arch system. Fetal aortic arch anomalies key sonographic views for their differential diagnosis and clinical implications using the cardiovascular system sonographic evaluation protocol. Prenatal and postnatal imaging of congenital malformations of the aortic archīravo C, Gámez F, Pérez R, et al.Congenital malformations of the aortic arch.Chromosomal deletion of 22q11 is an important factor 75% of children with this deletion have congenital heart disease, and up to 24% of patients with this deletion have aortic arch anomalies (Table 1). Anomalies of the aortic arch are symptomatic because of obstructed blood flow or disruption of adjacent normal anatomic relationships. Several hypothetical variations in regression or maintained patency of the paired embryologic aortic arches have been well-described, including aortic arch sidedness as determined by arch position to the left or right of the trachea, the branching order of brachiocephalic arteries from the aortic arch, and the position of the aortic arch in the mediastinum or cervical location. These errors occur in 1–2% of the population and may be an isolated finding or associated with a variety of genetic chromosomal defects or congenital heart disease. Congenital aortic arch anomalies are the result of errors in the progression of division of the conotruncus and regression and development of the embryologic aortic arches during weeks 4 through 7 of gestation.
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